Hilary Koprowski
Hilary Koprowski was born Dec.5 1916 in Warsaw, Poland. A musical prodigy, he entered a conservatory at age 12 but was encouraged toward science by his mother “Sonia, the first female graduate of a dental school in Russia” http://www.koprowski.net/documents/article.html. In 1938 he married Dr. Irena Koprowska; 1939 received an MD from Warsaw University and a music degree from the Santa Cecilia Conservatory in Rome, and subsequently ‘fled’ the Nazis with his wife for Rio De Janeiro, Brazil where the Koprowskis worked for the Rockefeller Foundation to make yellow fever vaccine. In 1944, the Koprowskis immigrated to New York.
After WWII, H.K. worked for LeDerle (American Cyanimid), and was the first to give an oral polio vaccine to human patients in 1950. Koprowski traveled to the Congo and North Ireland to field test his OPV from 1957-59, and 1960-61. In 1957 he became the Director of the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, until 1991 when he was fired “for administrative lapses”. Polio researcher Janine Roberts writes that “Hilary Kowprowski reported in 1957 that the inhabitants of the Congo were 85% immune before they ever saw a dose of polio vaccine…Amazingly this didn’t stop Koprowski. He went on to uselessly administer to them hundreds of thousands of doses of his experimental vaccine” http://www.sparks-of-light.org/polio-cause.html
http://aidsorigins.com/content/view/24/31/ Edward Hooper (author of ‘The River’) tells the story of Koprowski’s professional route with his OPV and the implications that it was a cause of AIDS, published in a 1992 article written by Tom Curtis in Rolling Stone magazine which got them tangled in a lawsuit. Hooper claims information obtained after his initial publication confirms the view of (Koprowski) OPV-caused AIDS http://www.uow.edu.au/~bmartin/dissent/documents/AIDS/Hooper03/Hooper03.pdf
Hooper’s “OPV theory relates to a different polio vaccine [than SV-40]. It proposes that an experimental polio vaccine called CHAT, developed at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, initiated the Aids pandemic by introducing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from the common chimpanzee into some of the million Africans who were given the vaccine between 1957 and 1960. Chimpanzee SIV is now widely recognised as the direct ancestor of the strain of HIV (HIV-1 Group M) that has caused approximately 99 per cent of infections to date. In Africa, CHAT vaccine was administered only in Belgian-ruled territories: the Belgian Congo (now the Democratic Republic of Congo) and the former UN trusteeship of Ruanda-Urundi (now Rwanda and Burundi). These are also the countries that represent the epicentre of Group M-related Aids. The Laboratoire Médical de Stanleyville (LMS), which tested CHAT vaccine for safety and co-ordinated the early African vaccinations, was situated just a few miles from a chimpanzee colony, Lindi camp, which operated between 1956 and 1960. During those years, more than five hundred chimps and pygmy chimps (bonobos) were sacrificed there, mostly in the course of the polio research.” http://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n07/edward-hooper/aids-and-the-polio-vaccine
The “oldest known HIV sample [was] taken in 1959” http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/aids/virus/origins.html [now also considered a discredited find]
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Koprowski Vaccine OPV trials:
— assisted in Africa (1955, 1957) by Dr. Howard Binns
–assisted in Ireland by Dr. David Dane
Letchworth Village for the Feeble-minded and Epileptic became the first human testing ground for Koprowski’s OPV. http://www.opacity.us/site16_letchworth_village.htm
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http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/23/6/1041 1959, Experiment with infants from one-day to 6 months old, administering ‘live’ polio ; Stanley A. Plotkin, Hilary Kowprowski, and Joseph Stokes Jr. (Stokes worked the gamma globulin trials with W.McD. Hammon in Provo and Houston, 1951-52)
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In 1985, Koprowski and a Wistar assistant investigated an unprecedented outbreak of multiple sclerosis in Key West, Florida after local authorities determined it was probably contagious http://www.aegis.com/news/mh/1985/MH851104.html The victims were tested for AIDS which came up negative but presented another puzzle : “Researchers have discovered a new virus in blood and brain fluids from victims of multiple sclerosis in Sweden and in Key West, Fla., and they say it is possible that the virus might be one cause of the unexplained disease. The virus, which has not been identified, is similar but not identical to HTLV-I, a virus that causes an unusual form of human leukemia, the researchers say.” http://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/08/us/researchers-study-of-multiple-sclerosis-links-it-to-new-virus.html?sec=health . AIDS, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Epstein-Barr (herpesvirus) infection were all climaxing in the US at this time and showing a similar lack of immune T-cells in sufferers. The book ‘Osler’s Web’ by Hillary Johnson details the episodic events surrounding the rise of CFS and the marginalization endured by patients and investigators by the CDC. Wistar’s chief CFS researcher, Elaine DeFreitas, had her career ruined by the ordeal. http://aboutmecfs.org/Rsrch/RetrovirusFirst.aspx
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Koprowski, accomplished man of arts and letters who spoke 6 languages, also published short stories http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/news.html?ref=rss&d=95424
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WISTAR